What HVAC Energy-Efficiency Ratings Mean
Are you evaluating the efficiency ratings of new HVAC systems? Or are you interested in knowing the rating on your current HVAC unit. Regardless, you can determine the efficiency rating and expected yearly operating costs by looking at the yellow Energy Guide label on the side of the unit. We’d like to share some details about the various ratings you might read and what they mean.
What Is a SEER Rating?
SEER stands for Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio, a measurement of air conditioning efficiency. The SEER rating signifies the cooling output of an air conditioner over a full cooling season, divided by the total amount of energy utilized throughout that time. A higher SEER rating implies better energy efficiency and lower energy bills.
Presently, the minimum SEER rating for new air conditioners is 14 SEER in the northern U.S. and 15 SEER in the southern U.S. This is an improvement from the old minimum requirement of 13 SEER in the north and 14 SEER in the south, that was in effect from 2015 to 2022. This change demonstrates the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) continuous efforts to lower energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions.
These days, premium air conditioners tout ratings of 26 SEER or higher, delivering incredible energy savings. But bear in mind, outstanding SEER ratings normally come with a higher initial cost. This simply means you should think about both the initial financial investment and the potential for continued savings when choosing a new air conditioning unit.
What Is an EER Rating?
While SEER ratings get more attention, cooling systems have another efficiency metric you should know about. It’s referred to as EER, and it means Energy Efficiency Ratio. This indicates the effectiveness of an AC unit under specific operating situations. The EER rating helps you understand how the system will handle the demand on extreme summer days.
At the moment, only the southwest region has a minimum EER rating of 12.2 EER for residential central air conditioners. The highest ratings top out at about 14 EER. In most cases SEER and EER typically correspond, with higher ratings signifying greater overall performance.
What Is an HSPF Rating?
Heating Seasonal Performance Factor (HSPF) ratings are measurements of the energy efficiency of air-source heat pumps once in heating mode. HSPF is a percentage of the entire heat output in British Thermal Units (BTUs) throughout the heating season to the volume of electricity used in watt-hours. A higher HSPF rating indicates a more efficient heat pump.
The minimum HSPF rating for new heat pumps is 8.8 HSPF, an improvement from the prior minimum of 8.2 HSPF. By demanding higher minimum HSPF ratings, the DOE is making it more affordable long-term for Americans to use more energy-efficient heating systems in homes and businesses throughout the U.S. Settling for less efficiency remains an option, but it’s a good idea to invest in a high-end heat pump with a rating of 13 HSPF or higher for the best performance.
What Is an AFUE Rating?
Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency (AFUE) ratings are another estimate of heating system efficiency, but they apply to furnaces and boilers. AFUE is a ratio of the annual heat output to the fuel used during that period. The greater the AFUE rating, the more efficient the heating unit(s).
In 2023, the minimum AFUE rating for new gas furnaces was revised to 81. Prior to this, the southern regions had a minimum of 80 AFUE, and the north required ratings of 90 AFUE or higher. Even though you’re not required to buy a system with ratings above the minimum, you’ll save on your energy bills by opting for a furnace rated 95 AFUE or higher.
What Is an ENERGY STAR® Rating?
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) created the ENERGY STAR program in the early 1990s to help homeowners and businesses discover the most energy-efficient products available. HVAC equipment, appliances, water heaters, light fixtures, office equipment, electronics and building products that have a minimum threshold of efficiency can earn ENERGY STAR certification.
ENERGY STAR-rated products go above and beyond the minimum expectations to save energy and cut down on emissions without limiting performance or features. You can also look for the ENERGY STAR Most Efficient designation, which recognizes the top performers in energy efficiency and innovation. The EPA is currently overhauling the qualification criteria in light of the new minimum HVAC efficiency standards.
Install an Efficient HVAC System
For help identifying which HVAC energy-efficiency rating is appropriate for your budget, count on Service Experts Heating & Air Conditioning. We can evaluate your situation and assist you in making an informed purchase. We can provide you with a wide range of products from today’s most popular brands, all of which achieve or surpass the minimum efficiency requirements for 2023. We’re so confident you’ll be delighted with our services that we offer a 100% satisfaction guarantee! For details or to schedule a complimentary HVAC installation estimate, please contact a Service Experts office near you.
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